1. Text number

Drangsong 013

2. Text title (where present) in Tibetan

༄༅།། ཐེ་རང་འགོང་པོ་བསྐངས[བསྐང]མདོས་བཞུགས་སྷོ།།

3. Text title (where present) in Wylie transliteration

The rang ’gong po bskangs[bskang] mdos bzhugs s+ho/

4. A brief summary of the item’s contents

The text is divided into two main parts. The first part is the rabs, the story of the ritual, which recounts the origin of the demons and related stories; the second part is the ritual itself, that is, about avoiding harm from demons.

5. Number of folios.

7

6. Scribe’s name

7. Translation of title

A mdos ritual for appeasing the rang and ’gong po demons.

8. Transcription of colophon

There is a short one-line colophon that has been crossed out and the ink smudged to render it illegible.

9. Translation of colophon

10. General remarks

At the beginning, Guru Rinpoche appears as the object of prostration, and Vajrapāṇi appears as the meditational deity in this text. In spite of these Buddhist divinities, the structure of text is similar to that of Bon ritual texts.

11. Remarks on script

dpe tshugs; ’khyug ma tshugs on verso of last folio.

12. Format

Loose leaves

13. Size

9.5 × 34.5

14. Layout

15. Illustrations and decorations

16. Paper type

Woven, 1 layer

17. Paper thickness

0.15–0.19

18. Nos of folio sampled

f. 1

19. Fibre analysis

Daphne sp.

20. AMS ¹⁴C dating

21. XRF analysis

Main elements: Ca, Fe, K, S

Trace elements: Ti, Zn, Mn, Si

22. RTI

23. GCMS