DRANGSONG MANUSCRIPTS
| 1. Text number | Drangsong 169 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2. Text title (where present) in Tibetan |
༄༅།།ཁཾ་པ་སྐྱེག་ཟོར་ལགས་སོ།། |
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| 3. Text title (where present) in Wylie transliteration | Kham pa skyeg zor lags so/ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 4. A brief summary of the item’s contents | A ritual text for the repulsion of misfortunes caused by the trigram kham. It involves a ransom ritual with an account of its origins and an explanation of its classification, intended to expel bdud demon and thereby prevent them from visiting disasters on humans and animals. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 5. Number of folios | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 6. Scribe’s name | None | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 7. Translation of title | Kham disaster offerings | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 8. Transcription of colophon | khams pa’i skeg lto rdzogs so/ ’di yis gsogs la/ ’bim pa la rin po brdar la/ rta sngon po gcig la/ mi dkar po gcig skyon la/ phrag pa g.yas la mda’ gzugs/ phrag pa g.yon la ral gri dang gzhu zhub gzug go/ spyi bo’i gtsug tu smyug ma gcig la/ gser g.yu’i dod po ru/ gser chags dang g.yu chags gtong/ ltag pa la dar gyi brgyan/ ltag par nas dang nyung blug go/ rgyang bu nag khug sa la dkar rgyang lnga/ nam mkha’ de nang mtshungs/ yang 2 pa nag po la/ mi sngon po gcig skyon/ phrag pa g.yas pa la ’phang sngon po gcig la/ dar re bal mtshon btags pa bzhags/ dpral bar mtshe nyung btsugs so/ phrag pa g.yo pa la/ bkur ma’i gzugs byas la/ ong bkul la/ bal rgyab bcug la gzug go/ dpral gzi bzhug go/ rgyang bu nag khug la/ sngo rkyang pa byas la/ nam ka lnga lnga byas la gzug go/ de ma bdud la ’thug la btang ngo/ de gnyis gyer ’thur la/ tag la bskrad nas btang pas/ lto bzlog pa phan pa yin no/ kho bo snyon ston de ltar ’dod zer ba’i yig changs ’dug pa la dpe bcad cing/ mgyogs par ris su bris pa la dpe spyad cing bris pa dge’o/ gyer sogs ma ’dzol bar byed pa gal che bar yod par ’dra/ rgyud lung nas gsal bar gda’ zhing/ dgongs nas zhib par len par gal che’o/ dge zhing bkra shis/ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 9. Translation of colophon | The ritual for [removing] obstructions related to the trigram kham is over. First, on the offerings, sprinkle filings of the precious metals. [Make an effigy of] a white man on a grey horse, with arrows on the man’s right shoulder, a sword and bow with its sheath on the man’s left shoulder, and a piece of bamboo on the crown his head sprinkled with gold and turquoise powder (or: gold- and turquoise-infused water?). The nape of his neck should be ornamented with a flag, and barley and mustard seeds should be dropped in there. (Instructions for the arrangements of other ritual objects follow: there should be splints (rgyang bu) and thread crosses, an effigy of a blue man riding a black horse, with a blue spindle with coloured wool on his right shoulder, ephedra and mustard on his forehead, a basket on his left shoulder, woolen wool stuffed in his buttocks and a gzi jewel on his forehead. These two ransom effigies have the function of repelling enemies.) It was I, the mad teacher, who needed such [a text], and taking one as an example wrote it out quickly; may it be auspicious! According to the teachings and root tantra, it seems important not to neglect chanting when performing this ritual, and to carefully observe and practise it. Virtue and blessings.
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| 10. General remarks | Kham is the Tibetan name of one of the eight trigrams. These names represent their pronunciation in Middle Chinese, as can be seen below:
The term skyeg, also spelt keg, skeg, skag, or kag in different Tibetan spellings, is a type of misfortune that occurs on particular occasions at predictable intervals. They are the result of the relationship between the five elements, the eight trigrams, and the twelve zodiac signs, which may be in a relationship of harmony or antagonism. For each year of the zodiac and its corresponding eight trigrams, it is necessary to perform a ritual to offset disaster. |
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| 11. Remarks on script | dpe tshugs, ’khyug ma tshugs, dbu can | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 12. Format | Loose leaves | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 13. Size | 7 × 31 cm | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 14. Layout | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 15. Illustrations and decorations | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 16. Paper type | Both laid (f. 1) and woven (f. 2–3), 1 layer, smooth | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 17. Paper thickness | 0.11–0.18 mm (f. 1)
0.06 – 0.10 mm (f. 2–3) |
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| 18. Nos of folio sampled | f. 1 and f. 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 19. Fibre analysis | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 20. AMS 14C dating | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 21. XRF analysis | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 22. RTI | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 23. GCMS |
